March 24: Angola ends its mediation role in DRC Conflict days after expressing surprise over the Qatar meeting. M23 combatants still present in Walikale
Angola has announced its decision to step down from its role as a mediator in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) conflict. This announcement comes just days after the country stated on March 20, 2025, that it was caught by surprise by a meeting between the Presidents of the DRC and Rwanda in Qatar. In its statement to withdraw from the mediation role, the country explained: “….Nearly two months after assuming the current Chairmanship of the African Union, Angola recognizes the need to relieve itself of the responsibility of mediating this conflict in eastern DRC, in order to more comprehensively focus on the general priorities established by the continental organization…… In collaboration with the African Union Commission, necessary steps will be taken in the coming days to identify the country whose Head of State, supported by SADC, the East African Community, and the facilitators, will take on the mediation of the conflict between the DRC and Rwanda. Read the full statement here.
M23 Combatants Still Present in Walikale various reports indicate that M23 forces remain in Walikale despite their earlier announcement of withdrawal from the area. In a statement, M23 explained that their withdrawal has been delayed due to the presence of attack drones deployed by the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC) and its coalition forces.
“The FARDC and its coalition forces have not withdrawn their attack drones from Walikale. This situation is delaying the repositioning of AFC/M23 forces in the area. It should be emphasized that this act constitutes a major obstacle to compliance with the ceasefire and thus compromises ongoing peace initiatives,” M23/AFC spokesperson Lawrence Kanyuka said.
March 23: Bukavu Defiant as Citizens Protest Against M23: 'We Want Our Congo’ | DRC, Rwanda speaks the same language of de-escalation. Qatar welcomes the progress achieved
Bukavu Defiant as Citizens Protest Against M23: “We want our Congo,” on multiple videos that were circulating online on Sunday night, protesters chant loudly, as they march the streets of Bukavu; playing drums, Vuvuzela, and singing, ‘We want our Congo, we want our Congo’ in Swahili with several messages against M23 and Rwanda. There were also reports that some protesters set barricades to stop the M23 response team that was heading to panzi, “people have put the tables, used their vending stalls to stop M23 from heading to panzi,” a person in video posted by journalist Daniel Michombero can be heard reporting.
DRC, Rwanda speaks the same language of de-escalation. Qatar welcomes the progress achieved. Over the weekend, DRC and Rwanda issued statements that shows the two countries are now at the phase of agreement on the way forward. First, it was the statement issued by the DRC Foreign Affairs Minister on Saturday and then the DRC army published its statement on Sunday.
“The Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo acknowledge the decision announced on Saturday, March 22, 2025, by the Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC) and the March 23 Movement (M23) to withdraw from Walikale, in North Kivu Province. This decision follows the joint declaration made on March 18, 2025, between the State of Qatar, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Republic of Rwanda,” FARDC said in its statement.
“The Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo will refrain from conducting any offensive action against enemy forces and urge Congolese self-defense forces to do the same to encourage de-escalation, continue the Luanda and Nairobi processes, prioritize peace discussions, and advance the recently initiated negotiations held in Doha, Qatar, and Washington, D.C., USA, in the interest of peace,” the statement continued.
Rwanda through its spokesperson, also published a statement welcoming the developments in DRC: “Rwanda welcomes M23’s announcement on the repositioning of its forces from Walikale in support of peace initiatives underway, as well as DRC’s announcement that all offensive operations by FARDC and Wazalendo will be halted. Rwanda is committed to working with all parties to ensure adherence to commitments, particularly in the context of the Joint EAC-SADC Summit process and other initiatives which pave the way towards a lasting political and security settlement for the region,” the statement reads.
The Qatar Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement to appreciate the two parties: “The State of Qatar welcomes the statements issued by the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda on their commitment for de-escalation and reducing tensions in the eastern region of Congo, in regards of the M23 statement on their withdrawal from the Walikale area. Qatar views this as a significant positive step towards achieving stability and peace in the region. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expresses the State of Qatar’s full appreciation to both DRC and Rwanda for their commitment to dialogue aimed at calming the situation in Eastern Congo, and commends their positive engagement and efforts to resolve the crisis through peaceful initiatives.”
March 22: Thousands mourn artist Delcat Idengo in Butembo. M23 pull out of Walikale
Thousands gathered at VGH roundabout, in Butembo to mourn artist and activist Delcat Idengo. The national anthem and Delcat Indengo song were played. In its report Human Rights Watch (HRW) highlighted that Indego was killed by M23 combatant. The HRW report explained: “On February 13, M23 fighters fatally shot the singer and activist Delphin Katembo Vinywasiki, known as Delcat Idengo, at his home in an apparently noncombat situation. On February 20, the AFC spokesperson, Lawrence Kanyuka, accused Idengo of being a member of the youth movement Lutte pour le Changement (Struggle for Change, or LUCHA) and told Human Rights Watch that the fighters killed him for wearing “military insignia.” In a separate incident, an independent source said M23 fighters summarily executed a LUCHA activist along with four other men after they carried out forced labor for the armed group.”
M23 pull out of Walikale amidst reports of airstrikes: In its statement, M23/AFC said: “The Alliance fleuve Congo (AFC/M23) informs the public of the following: In line with the unilateral ceasefire declared on February 22, 2025, and to support peace initiatives aimed at fostering conditions conducive to political dialogue addressing the root causes of the conflict in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC),the Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC/M23) has decided to reposition its forces from the town of Walikale and its surrounding areas.” The M23 announcement comes amidst reports of multiple airstrikes by FARDC on M23 positions, it was reported Kigoma airstrip as well as The Lowa Bridge were hit. There were multiple claims on social media that strikes occurred after reports of an unknown airplane landing at the Kigoma airstrip following M23 takeover. DRC Minister of Foreign Affairs,Thérèse Wagner, commented on the M23 statement; “We will, of course, see if the M23 will withdraw from Walikale and if the M23 is truly committed to prioritizing dialogue, peace, and, above all, human lives, which so far have not been given enough priority. We hope that this will be reflected in concrete actions, but this is a statement I have just learned about. It is important to observe how it will materialize, Wagner argued.
The DRC Minister of Foreign Affairs, Thérèse Wagner, reiterated the government’s commitment to negotiating with M23. “We are precisely in this phase of conflict evolution, and at this particular moment, the DRC has deemed it more appropriate, especially for the sake of our population, to engage in direct discussions with the M23 if doing so would lead to a cessation of hostilities and violence against our civilians,” she said. Watch the video here.
M23 canceled the meeting they had confirmed on March 21, 2025, with the UN Group of Experts, who are expected to be in DR Congo for a fact-finding mission between March 23 and 27, 2025: “Contrary to the program agreed upon by mutual agreement with the members of the United Nations Group of Experts on the Congo, the meeting initially planned will no longer take place due to last-minute emergencies. The AFC/M23 regrets this change of agenda,” AFC Spokesperson Lawrence Kanyuka, shared on X–
March 21:Justin Bitakwira meets Wazalendo in Uvira
Controversial Politician Justin Bitakwira met Wazalendo groups in Uvira, called for a separate command between FARDC and Wazalendo. “We want to live together between the national army and Wazalendo, but with a separate command. I repeat, everyone with their command, but in collaboration,” he said. “Because of what we have learned in FARDC, we realized that the enemy was superior to the army. We lost Bukavu without an enemy in sight, the whole army left and the enemy came slowly walking after three days. Uvira will never fell.”
In his meeting, Bitakwira argued that Bukavu and Goma will be rescued from Uvira and he commended the groups, while emphasizing that he will have a one-on-one with leaders of the Wazalendo from Shabunda, Uvira, Fizi, and Mwenda. “The whole world thanks Wazalendo, Uvira will rescue Goma and Bukavu, by stoping Kagame and his allies, the whole Congo respect you,” he said. “Wazalendo must have military discipline, you should not attack anyone innocent.” In his speech, he encouraged Wazalendo to prepare a list of people who can fill the empty slot left by people who have fled the violence. “The army must have discipline, ifa the army run away from fight it’s a shame of the nation. To the Wazalendo leaders present, we don’t want to hear every day a new General is coming up, every day there is a new General. We know each other,” he said, while discouraging drunkenness. “My message to the president, I ask him for the Minister of Defense to come here, the top army leadership to come here, all high-grade military equipment to be here, what are they doing in Kinshasa?” he asked. Bitakwira who is a former DRC minister and Uvira member of parliament was sanctioned for inciting violence against Tutsi.
The Director of the OVG (Goma Volcanological Observatory) met AFC/M23, days after Nyamulagira volcano eruption on March 19, 2025. M23 reported that the Director of the OVG, George Mavonga clarified that the volcanic phenomenon observed since Wednesday, March 19, 2025, is a regular occurrence at the Nyamulagira volcano, which has been erupting for a long time in its central crater. There were reports that workers at OVG were on strike due to non-payment of their salaries since M23 took control of Goma.
M23/AFC released a statement to “denounce attacks against Banyamulenge population in Minembwe”: “For nearly eight years, the Highlands region of Minembwe has been subjected to relentless attacks by the coalition forces of Kinshasa regime, comprising the FARDC, MAI-MAI (Wazalendo), and the FDLR……These attacks are now being carried out through heavy artillery bombardments, CH-4 attack drones, and Sukhoi-25 fighter jets. It is important to note that in the highlands of Uvira, the Burundi National Defense Forces (FNDB) have joined forces with the Kinshasa coalition forces to launch attacks on Friday, March 21, 2025, against Twirwaneho youth in the localities of Ruhuha and Rubarati.”
Movements observed to U.S.-based companies following Tshisekedi’s offer to the U.S : Bloomberg reports that KoBold Metals Co. has proposed to develop DRC’s biggest hard rock lithium deposits, Manono project . The project is stuck in legal issues after the DRC government revoked the license granted to the Australian firm AVZ in 2023 and reassigned it to the Chinese firm Zijin Mining, something that KoBold is looking to clear with a buyout and expectation of division of rights between them and Zijin mining.
Earlier on March 18, 2025, DRC Minister of Posts, Telecommunications and Digital Affairs, Augustin Kibassa Maliba met with Starlink representatives, this is after the country had banned Starlink in 2024. It was reported that the two parties agreed to develop specifications and the administrative procedures required to obtain operating licenses. “The Congolese government, represented by the Minister of National Telecommunications, emphasized the strategic importance of the project, not only for digital development but also for national security reasons. A pilot project could be launched in the coming days to assess the technical feasibility and social impact of this initiative,” read the report from the Minister’s website.
U.S. Congressman Dr. Ronny Jackson, the Chairman of the House Armed Services Committee on Intelligence and Special Operations, met Kagame after he met with DRC president.
March 20: M23 confirmed the capture of Walikale centre, Tshisekedi on Fox News
M23 confirmed the capture of Walikale centre: In its statement the group said,”The Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (FARDC) continued indiscriminately bombardment of heavily populated areas, livestock, and villages, as well as our positions using both fighter jets and heavy artillery. Faced with these criminal threats, our movement had no choice but to intervene to rescue our compatriots, who for two weeks had been subjected to ground and air attacks by the Kinshasa regime using Sukhoi-25 fighter jets and CH-4 combat drones.We, hereby confirm that the city of Walikale, the administrative centre of Walikale Territory, has been liberated by our forces to ensure the safety of the civilian population and their property. We reaffirm our commitment to the ceasefire and will continue to uphold it. However, in the event of provocation or attacks against civilians, our forces will respond professionally, in full accordance with International Humanitarian Law.” See the statement here.
DRC president was interviewed by the Chief political anchor of Fox News, Bet Baier. “We are very happy to see things with the Trump administration are moving faster,” Tshisekedi said on the mineral deal with the US. Asked how can the US guarantee safety in DRC, Tshisekedi said: “We can build our defense and safety capabilities and I think the US can use pressure or sanctions to make sure armed groups can be kept at bay”. Asked on China influence: ‘Nature abhors a vacuum, China is not flexing, US presence is waning.” Watch it here.
March 19: DRC announces pay bump for military, CENCO-ECC delegation met Macron; funeral ceremony for Kibukila Mtetezi
A joint delegation from the National Episcopal Conference of Congo (CENCO) and the Church of Christ in Congo (ECC) met with French President Emmanuel Macron, this is after they had met with DRC President, Ugandan president, Rwandan President, Angola President and the Kenyan President. On his X page, the French President said: “I have received a delegation of Congolese churches committed to peace in the DRC. I fully support their initiative. To overcome the current crisis in the east of the country and enable the restoration of Congolese sovereignty, France supports dialogue. The meeting between President Tshisekedi and President Kagame, organized by the Emir of Qatar yesterday in Doha, and all regional efforts are moving in this direction. They must continue.” See Macron’s X post here.
A funeral was held for Kibukila TRÉSOR Mtetezi in Fizi, and a large population was gathered. Kibukila was killed on March 14, 2025, after an argument with fellow Wazalendo, Brown from Maniema. Watch the funeral processions here.
DRC President was interviewed by the French newspaper, Le Figaro. In the interview, Tshisekedi says the meeting in Qatar took place in a friendly atmosphere. Reveals he had met Qatari envoy on the sideline of Munich conference. He also commented on FDLR: “The FDLR is now a residual force with no more than 750 activists and very few former genocidaires. The FDLR is insignificant compared to the M23.” Tshisekedi also reveals an increase in payment to the army: “Our army has about 100,000 soldiers. Salaries, which used to be $100 per month, have been increased. A soldier on the front lines now earns an average of $500.” Read the full interview here.
Unconfirmed report of Wazalendo|FARDC taking over a large part of Bukavu, clashes have been reported for the past three days, led by FARDC and Wazalendo Yakutumba group, Wazalendo has been ramping up its forces since March 13, for Bukavu clash; the groups have been complaining on low supply and lack of resources. See unconfirmed report on Bukavu here.
General Muhondosi Constantin, the new Commander of the 34th Military Region of FARDC , assume his role at the Walikale Centre to lead operations against the rebels of M23 / AFC , this is amid reports of clashes between Wazalendo/FARDC and M23 who are trying to breach and take control of Walikale. Watch the video of his arrival here.
Vice President of the International Federation for Human Rights, Alexis Deswaef (who also serves as a lawyer in this case) held a press conference in defense of journalists, Baelenge Irenge (@baelenge_irenge) and Perrot Luwara following the DRC announcement of USD 4 million bounty on them. “Attacking journalists, anywhere in the world, is always a sign of a power that is both weak and authoritarian,” he said. Watch his full press here.
Congolese in Rwanda report challenges following the closure of the DRC Embassy in Rwanda. “Congolese people visiting or transiting Rwanda whose travel documents unfortunately expire or are lost remain stuck because they cannot obtain key travel documents,” the statement from their representative highlights. Read the statement here.
The Chairperson of the African union Commission , Mahmoud Ali Youssouf welcomes the Doha Meeting Between the Leaders of the Democratic Republic of the Congo DRCongo and Rwanda. The official statement states: ‘The Chairperson acknowledges the reaffirmation by both leaders of their commitment to an immediate and unconditional ceasefire, as agreed during the East African Community (EAC) and Southern African Development Community (SADC) summit in Dar es Salaam on 8 February 2025.The African Union remains resolute in its support for African-led solutions to African challenges, as embodied in the Luanda and Nairobi processes. The Doha discussions, held in a spirit of constructive engagement, align with these efforts and complement ongoing regional mechanisms’
AFC/M23 announces new appointments. The appointment of Robert Mugisha as Head of the Finance Department together with Kilo Buhunda (Public Finance & Taxes) and Fanny Kaj Kayemb (Public Debt & Investments) as deputies. See the announcement here.
March 18: Tshisekedi and Kagame
meet in Qatar
DRC President Felix Tshisekedi and Rwandan President Paul Kagame met in Doha Qatar, in the unprecedented meeting hosted by the Emir of Qatar, the three leaders issued a joint statement : “As part of efforts to ease the situation in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, the State of Qatar hosted a trilateral meeting in Doha on Tuesday, March 18, 2025, attended by His Highness Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir of the State of Qatar; His Excellency President Paul Kagame, President of the Republic of Randa; and His Excellency President Félix Tshisekedi Tshilombo, President of the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Heads of State welcomed the progress made in the Luanda and Nairobi processes, as well as the joint EAC-SADC summit held in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, on February 8, 2025. The Heads of State reaffirmed the commitment of all parties to an immediate and unconditional ceasefire as agreed at the said summit. The Heads of State then agreed on the need to continue the discussions initiated in Doha in order to establish solid foundations for lasting peace as envisioned in the Luanda/Nairobi process, now merged and/or aligned.” Read the full statement here.
Office of the President DRC issue a statement regarding the Doha meeting: “The President agreed with his Rwandan counterpart to continue the discussions in pursuit of a lasting settlement that will aim to re-establish the DRC’s territorial integrity, stabilise the region, and end the terrible violence perpetrated by the M23 in North and South Kivu.The DRC has always been committed to securing peace via the Luanda Process and the Nairobi Process. It also continues to call for the full application of UN Security Council resolution 2773 which provides a clear framework for lasting peace. The President reaffirmed that position in Doha.” Read the full statement here.
Rwandan President, Paul Kagame issued a statement following the Doha meeting, saying things can move faster: “The meeting reiterated the leaders’ support to the EAC-SADC process as the primary mechanism towards a sustainable solution to the conflict in DRC. The need to address the issue of FDLR genocidal forces and to have security guarantees for Rwanda and the region was also emphasized. The leaders also discussed the urgent need for direct political dialogue with AFC/M23 as key to addressing the root causes of the conflict in Eastern DRC. President Kagame expressed his belief that with all parties working together, things can move forward faster.” Read the statement here.
Amnesty call for concerted international action on M23 abuses: ‘Since capturing the city of Goma in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in January, the Rwandan-backed M23 armed group has raided hospitals, abducted patients, including civilians and hospitalized Congolese soldiers, from their beds and subjected them to acts of torture.The organization also documented cases of gang rape committed by M23.From 17 February to 13 March 2025, the Congolese Red Cross collected 43 dead bodies in Bukavu, including 29 civilians. Across South Kivu province, during the same period, the Congolese Red Cross collected 406 bodies, including 110 civilians.’ Read the full statement here.
Reports that The AFC/M23 received the Deputy Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General in the DRC, Bruno Lemarquis.
Former DRC President Joseph Kabila met with Thabo Mbeki in South Africa, said he was invited by the former president when they met in Windhoek. Following the meeting he spoke to the members of the press, where he highlighted the importance of foreign armies leaving DRC, responding to a question on SAMIDRC he said there are no major consequences following SAMIDRC withdrawal from DRC. Says he is ready to work for peace in any capacity. He emphasized that Congo can’t continue to be a crybaby in the region, talking how weak it is and how strong everybody else is.”
March 17: EU sanctions M23 and Rwandan officials, leading to M23 pulling out of the peace talks in last minutes. Rwanda cut ties with Belgium
Rwanda Severs Diplomatic Relations with Belgium: “The Government of Rwanda today notified the Government of Belgium of its decision to sever diplomatic relations, effective immediately. Rwanda’s decision has been taken after careful consideration of several factors, all linked with Belgium’s pitiful attempts to sustain its neocolonial delusions. All Belgian diplomats in Rwanda are required to leave the country within 48 hours. In compliance with the Vienna Convention, Rwanda will assure the protection of the premises, property and archives of the Belgian diplomatic mission in Kigali.” Read the full statement here.
Belgium Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Affairs and Development Cooperation, Maxime PREVOT announces Belgium action after Rwanda cut diplomatic ties: “Belgium regrets the decision of Rwanda to cut off diplomatic relations with Belgium and to declare Belgium’s diplomats persona non grata. This is disproportionate and shows that when we disagree with Rwanda they prefer not to engage in dialogue.Belgium will take similar measures: the convocation of the Rwandan chargé d’affaires a.i., declaring Rwanda’s diplomats persona non grata and denouncing our governmental cooperation agreements”. See the statement here.
M23 released its clarification letter to the Angola Minister of External relations that M23 it is a part of AFC which will lead the negotiation: “For your information, the M23 is an integral part of a platform called Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC), which is the sole authority authorized to conduct direct negotiations on its behalf. Regarding the talks convened in Luanda, the Political Coordinator of the Alliance Fleuve Congo will send you a letter specifying the composition of our delegation for these discussions. This will include an official mission order with the list of designated members representing the movement in direct negotiations with the Kinshasa government.” See the full statement here.
AFC release names and itinerary of the AFC/M23 members who will be involved in the dialogue : “The following officials and members of the Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC) are assigned to undertake an official mission in Luanda, Republic of Angola: Mr. Benjamin MBONIMPA, Permanent Secretary, Head of Mission ; Mr. John MUHIRE, Member; Ms. Doudou TIKAILELI, Member; Mr. Cédric PIEMA, Member; Colonel Dieudonné PADIRI. Member Itinerary: Goma – Kisoro – Luanda – Kisoro. Read the full statement here.
EU announces sanctions of nine people, and Rwandan entity: Bertrand BISIMWA (M23 President), Ruki KARUSISI a.k.a. Rocky (Major-General Commander of the Special Force Command of the Rwanda Defence Force (RDF), ‘Owing to his commanding role within the Special Force Command of the RDF deployed in Eastern DRC, Ruki Karusisi is responsible for sustaining the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the region,” EU said. Others sanctioned: Désiré RUKOMERA (Rwandan)-Head of recruitment and propaganda of the March 23 Movement (M23); John Imani NZENZE a.k.a. Mike Bravo-Congolese, “Colonel” and “G2” intelligence chief of the M23 armed group (M23; Eugene NKUBITO, Rwandan, Commander 3rd division (Major General) of the Rwanda Defence Force (RDF); Pascal MUHIZI, Rwanda, (Brigadier General) of the Rwanda Defence Force (RDF); Jean-Bosco NZABONIMPA MUPENZI, Congolese, Deputy Head of the Finance and production department of the M23; Francis KAMANZI, Rwanan, Chief Executive Officer of Rwanda Mines, Petroleum and Gas Board (RMB); Joseph MUSANGA BAHATI a.k.a. “Erasto”; “Bahati Erasto”; “Colonel Erasto”; “Colonel Bahati Musanga, Governor of North-Kivu; and the Gasabo Gold Refinery in Rwanda. See the detailed sanction list here.
M23 announced pulling out of the Angola peace talks a few hours before the dialogue: “The Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC/M23) deeply regrets that certain international institutions are deliberately undermining peace efforts in the Democratic Republic of Congo and obstructing the much-anticipated talks. Successive sanctions imposed on our members, including those enacted on the eve of the Luanda discussions, severely undermine direct dialogue and make any progress impossible.” See the full statement here.
The Joint EAC-SADC Ministerial meeting held in Harare to review progress on the implementation of decisions from the Joint Summit of Heads of State and Government, held on 8th February 2025 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
President Cyril Ramaphosa told press: “The decision by SADC to withdraw the SAMIDRC should be seen as a confidence building measure to ensure peace and stability in the eastern DRC. It should never be seen as a defeat.”
FARDC General André Ehonza (KOTAZO), commander of the 12th Rapid Reaction Brigade, was reportedly killed by Wazalendo. This led to conflicting reports on social media, with some insinuating he was working with M23. Congolese activist who live in exile in Rwanda, Eliezaire Ushindi criticized the issue: “There are questions when a Brigade General is assassinated by Wazalendo militiamen accusing him of treason, or of being a “collaborator” of what they call the “Rwandan Tutsi invaders. This shows how often this anti-Tutsi genocidal ideology that characterizes these militias is an absolute threat to the entire Congolese Tutsi community,” Eliezaire Ushindi said using his platform @MaishaDRC.
Panick reported in Bukavu at around 5:00pm, unconfirmed reports that Wazalendo are behind the commotion.
March 16: Kagame lashes out at Belgium, tells citizens to tighten their belts
In a citizens outreach event, President Kagame singled out Belgium, leveling several attacks against it; “Rwandans believe in God, but did God send Belgians to take care of Rwanda? We will remind them that this is not the case and continue building our nation as Rwandans, not Belgians, “ Kagame said. Rwanda has been accusing Belgium to pursued other EU countries on issuing sanctions against it. Using Kiswahili he called on Rwandans to tighten their belt: “We Rwandans must be ready to tighten our belts. And not just tightening belts, we must fight for our rights. It is our duty to fight for our rights,” he emphasized.
G7 ministers meeting in Canada issued a statement condemning M23 and Rwanda. “[G7 members] condemned the Rwanda-backed M23 offensive in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC) and the resulting violence, displacement and grave human rights and international humanitarian law violations. This offensive constitutes a flagrant disregard of the territorial intergrity of the DRC. Rwanda Minister of Foreign Affairs, Olivier J.P. Nduhungireh responded: “These recycled formulas, forwarded from a western capital to another, 1) which minimise the support of the DRC government to the FDLR genocidal militia, 2) which overlook the security concerns of Rwanda, 3) which condoned the deployment of European mercenaries at our border, 4) which disregard the continued persecution of the Congolese Tutsi in eastern DRC, and 5) which pay lip service to the Africa-led peace process, are really tiresome.”
Gunshots were reported in Bukavu on the night of March 16, 2025, this comes days since several Wazalendo groups organized themselves in Uvira, Willy Yakutumba is mentioned as a key leader.
March 15: The DRC Interior Minister reported incidents of summary executions and abductions by M23
DRC Ministry of the Interior issued a statement citing that ‘Between March 10 and 14, 2025, in the occupied areas, 62 cases of targeted assassinations and summary executions, 17 cases of rape, and numerous instances of looting were recorded, all perpetrated by the Rwandan army and M23-AFC’. The statement continues: “On March 10, 2025, the Rwandan army and its M23-AFC auxiliaries raided CBCA Ndosho Hospital for the second time, abducting around 100 patients and caregivers, including military personnel and police officers, whom they summarily executed. On March 13, 2025, Mr. Fikiri Mwishuko Antoine, Chief of the Mupfuni-Matanda Group in the Bahunde Chiefdom, died. He had been abducted from CBCA Ndosho Hospital on March 3, 2025, and tortured by Rwandan soldiers for seven days. Additionally, Rwandan Special Forces reinforcements have been observed on the Walikale and Masisi axes in North Kivu, as well as in the highlands of Minembwe in South Kivu. On March 9, 2025, a helicopter chartered by the ICRC landed at Kiziba airfield to evacuate wounded Rwandan soldiers following clashes,” read the full statement here.
EAC holds a consultative meeting of EAC Ministers of Foreign Affairs and Defence, focusing on the security situation in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. ‘The discussions underscored the urgent need for a unified regional approach, reinforcing the role of strategic partnerships in advancing peace and stability.’ The meeting was held ahead of the SADC-EAC summit of ministers. See its reference here .
DRC hold a cultural event to inspire patriotism under the banner #RDCCongolaisTelema #DRCCongolese Stand Up – Cultural Session for Patriotic Awakening on 15.03.2025.
Invitation from the Angolan Minister of External Relations Tete António to M23 president Bertrand Bisimwa dated March 13, 2025, circulated online: “The Government of the Republic of Angola is pleased to invite you to participate in direct negotiations with the Government of the DRC, scheduled for March 18, 2025, in Luanda, Republic of Angola.” See it here.
President Paul Kagame promoted Col. Stanislas Gashugi to Brigadier General and appointed him as Special Operations Force (SOF) Commander replacing Maj. Gen. Ruki Karusisi who will report to Rwanda Defence Force headquarters.
A clip of a university student questioning Jean-Pierre Bemba at a rally for military recruitment went viral after the student asked Bemba if any of his children had enlisted. See the clip here.
March 14: The DRC Interior Minister reported incidents of summary executions and abductions by M23
DRC army holds a military parade in Kalemie, unveils the new land uniforms. See video here.
Reports of Wazalendo group led by ‘Brown Lebla’ from Maniema province saying they were going to Uvira, to join other Wazalendo groups to head to Bukavu, Brown discarded talks between the government and M23. “The president told us to go and fight, if he allows Rwandans to enter the country we will turn on him. The president called people to Kinshasa and said he would not allow even one centimeter to go, if he enters into a deal with Rwanda we will consider him as an enemy, Brown said in an interview.
The leader of one of the prominent Wazalendo groups, Kibukila Ebuela Mtetezi of Mai Mai FPDC was killed in a clash at Lueba with other Wazalendo groups led by Brown. Initial reports suggested that the incident was due to drunkenness. However, further details from a spokesperson of Kibukila’s group indicate that the clash resulted from a minor misunderstanding, which escalated into an exchange of gunfire. Both groups were heading to Uvira to join Willy Amuri Yakutumba, who is leading a group to Bukavu.
Opposition leader Martin Fayulu says he supports inclusive and direct dialogue between the DRC government and the M23/AFC rebels. Also, Moise Katumbi said he support dialogue with M23, ‘Let’s seize this opportunity for a lasting solution’.
20 Burundian soldiers reported killed in clashes against the M23 in Kaziba.
BBC published a report detailing the killing of individuals in Goma by M23 forces. The report confirms that the viral video showing bodies floating is authentic.
DRC special envoy for negotiation arrives in Angola with DRC president’s message. The delegation is led by Mambu Sita Sumbu, responsible for monitoring the Luanda Process within the Congolese presidential cabinet.
March 13: Alphamin announced a temporary cessation of its mining operations. DRC holds a live trial for five FARDC Generals
Alphamin announced a temporary cessation of its mining operations at the Bisie tin mine in Walikale District, North Kivu Province of east-central Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Also as a U.S.-owned company, it appointed a U.S. firm to lobby for U.S. diplomatic intervention. “This decision was made after insurgent militant groups have recently advanced westward in the direction of the mine’s location in the DRC occupying the towns of Nyabiondo on 9 March 2025, the capital of the Osso-Banyungu sector located ~110km northwest of Goma followed by Kashebere a further 13km west of Nyabiondo on 12 March 2025. The safety of the Company’s employees and contractors remains its top priority and cannot be assured at the present time. All operational mining personnel are being evacuated from the mine site with only essential personnel to remain for the care, maintenance and security of the property,” Company statement reads.
DRC hold a live trial for5 FARDC Generals and police before the High Military Court for cowardice, abandonment of troops, weapons, ammunition, in Goma. Watch the live trial here.
AFC issued a statement welcoming efforts by the President of Angola, João Manuel Lourenco calling for the Angola mediation team to get assurance from DRC on their commitment to the talks and ask the mediation team to formally inform them. “Tshisekedi to publicly and unequivocally express his commitment to direct negotiations with oru organizations.”
The summit of heads of state and government of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), held virtually on March 13, 2025, end the mandate of SAMIDRC and directed the phased withdrawal of its troops from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
Reports of M23 advances to Walikale emerge, rebels seize key areas enroute Kashebere and Kibati. Reports of various Wazalendo groups regrouping allegedly heading to Bukavu. Video showing Wazalendo received in Kamituga with people cheering.
M23 capture Idjwi Island-“The island provides easy access to Rwanda via Lake Kivu.It also provides easy control of Irhe and Iko in Kalehe territory, as well as Kabonde, Ludjo, and Lugendo and Ishungu,” says The Independent, Ugandan based newspaper.
Alain Destexhe (Author and former Belgium politician) published an interview with M23 military leader Sultan Makenga, says he has no plan to take Kinshasa. Alain Destexhe Question: After taking Goma and Bukavu, do you intend to continue the military offensive and advance as far as Kinshasa? Sultani Makenga: No, unless we are threatened. We are fighting for our survival. It must be understood that we took up arms because we were threatened with extermination. We were not going to let ourselves be exterminated without reacting! It’s a shame the outside world refuses to see this. (Read the interview here).
Radio Okapi reports abductions and killings in Goma. ‘A mother, and her eight children were abducted on March 12 in Kiziba 2 district by M23 rebels for accusation of collaborating with Wazalendo.
March 12: Human Right Watch say M23 target journalists and actvists
Human Rights Watch released a report saying Rwanda-Backed M23 target journalists, activists. The report says: “On February 13, M23 fighters fatally shot the singer and activist Delphin Katembo Vinywasiki, known as Delcat Idengo, at his home in an apparently noncombat situation.” M23 through AFC spokesperson, Lawrence Kanyuka denounced the report: ‘Our organisation has never arrested, intimidated, or persecuted any journalist or activist. We challenge HRW to provide concrete evidence supporting its claims. Given its well-documented ties to the Kinshasa regime, HRW’s credibility is highly questionable.
Minister of Justice, announces the trial of Senior Officers of the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC) will begin on Thursday, March 13, 2025, before the High Military Court.’ The officers are accused of abandoning their positions in the face of the enemy, leaving behind weapons, ammunition, military equipment, and wounded personnel, particularly in the cities of Goma and Bukavu. This public hearing will be broadcast live on the Congolese National Radio and Television (RTNC) at 10 a.m.’ the statement says.
MONUSCO reported that the Commander of Force of MONUSCO , Lt. General Ulisses de Mesquita Gomes, arrived on March 11 at Beni , North Kivu , where the temporary headquarters of the Force is being set up.
A letter from Masisi National Assembly Member of Parliament Ayobangira Safari dated March 07, 2025, circulated, in which he called for a humanitarian corridor to be opened to allow students in the occupied area to sit for their final exams. “Even at the height of the Second Congo War (1998-2003), exams were held across the entire national territory despite the partition.” He called for a joint action between DRC, UNICEF and MONUSCO.
The Minister of Infrastructure and Public Works, Alexis Gisaro, a Congolese Tutsi, said in a press briefing with the Spokesperson of the DRC govt, Patrick Muyaya, that the Banyamulenge have never given any mandate to the Rwandan President to become their protector. “Yesterday’s victim of genocide has become today’s executioner,” he said. This is part of the communication efforts led by Patrick Muyaya, the Government Spokesperson and Minister of Communication.
TWIRANEHO rebel group issued a statement to counter Alexis Gisaro press saying Gisaro neither represents the opinion of the Banyamulenge nor shares the suffering of the victims of persecution by the government of which he is a member. “Moreover, why does he denounce voices—foreign or otherwise—that advocate for a population persecuted by its own government, which is supposed to protect it? Banyamulenge community leaving in Kinshasa remain fearful and separated from their families. Since 2017, the Banyamulenge have been under attack from militias belonging to neighboring tribes, who receive daily political and logistical support from the government and the FARDC. These militias have destroyed over 95% of Banyamulenge villages. Today, the survivors of these attacks are confined in three ghettos—Minembwe, Mugete, and Kahololo—comparable to Nazi concentration camps, abandoned to their tragic fate.”
UK based researcher, Delphin R. Ntanyoma later criticized the move: “May I invite Patrick Muyaya to understand that having a minister or a military general who has no power to decide over a specific issue such as the Banyamulenge persecution is bluff. Having ministers cannot be a proof that a social group or a community is not discriminated against. May I inform Patrick Muyaya that nothing will ever change the fact that the Banyamulenge are persecuted…..The Banyamulenge as a community have no direct link with M23/AFC. They have never invited Nangaa or Bisimwa to speak on their behalf. Those who have joined M23/AFC should be treated as individuals.”
March 11: Angola announces M23-DRC govt dialogue. Wazalendo, FARDC denounced the Wazalendo group that joined M23
Following a visit by Tshisekedi to Angola, Angola announces to open a door of mediation with M23. This hint a change in DRC govt stance, as it has maintained it will not engage in the direct dialogue with M23.
Spokesperson for DRC president speak on Angola’s pledge: “We take note and wait to see the implementation of this approach by the Angolan mediation.We also recall that there is a pre-established framework which is the Nairobi process and we reaffirm our commitment to Resolution 2773”.
Ramaphosa responds to questions from members of parliament regarding DRC, rules out further military intervention. He said SA troops/ SAMIDRC are in precarious situation.
“Following the announcement by Kasereka Kabido, a leader of the FPP/AP/FCR Wazalendo coalition, to join M23 on March 9, 2025, FARDC released a statement denouncing Kasereka Kabido: “Kasereka Kabido and his movement, FPP/AP/FCR, have chosen to align themselves with Rwanda and its M23/AFC puppets. This comes as no surprise and confirms the stance of Supreme Commander Félix Antoine Tshisekedi that certain armed groups serve Kagame and his interests. Groups like Kasereka Kabido’s were created to defend Paul Kagame’s agenda: carrying out dirty work in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), spreading terror and despair among the peaceful Congolese population, infiltrating and manipulating genuine Volunteers for the Defense of the Nation to derail them from their struggle and objectives, spying on the defense and security forces, paving the way for the Rwandan army, and, above all, illegally exploiting minerals to supply Kigali’s gold and coltan refineries.”
Several Wazalendo groups have come out to separate themselves from Kabido. Synergie Wazalendo Front Grand-Nord denounced Kasereka Kabido and reaffirm their commitment to the state,and announced the new structure of the synergie- General Kambale Mayani Germain takes over the leadership of the committee. He is seconded by General Bigabo Jonas and General Kasumba Leteke.-, Mai Mai Kifuafua denounce and separate their group from Kabido ,and VDP also separated their movement from Kabido.
Rwanda Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation meets EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy,Kaja Kallas in Brussels, says Rwanda did not start the ongoing conflict in the DRC, and they will not accept to bear the burden of the DRC’s governance and security failures. Kaja Kallas says in their meeting she reaffirmed that M23/Rwanda must respect DRC territorial integrity, stop advances and withdraw from occupied territory. Rwanda’s FA minister also met Jozef Síkela EU Commissioner for International Partnerships and wrote to his X page, ‘They reaffirmed their strong support for the African-led peace process in Eastern DRC as the only viable path to lasting stability.’
March 10: Allegedly Arrested RDF Soldier Speaks to the Press. Two Tanzanians Arrested by FARDC on suspicion of recruitment by ADF
Ex-ICC convict Thomas Lubanga announced the formation of the Convention for Popular Liberation (CRP from Uganda, and released documents showing key figures of the initiative. See the documents here.
M23 coordinator Bertrand Bisimwa complains about Minembwe strikes: “All this morning of Monday 10/03/25 drones circulated above Minembwe taking images of the targets. The population was already worried. But the worst had not yet happened. 12 minutes ago, Sukhoi planes just bombed the villages of Minembwe where I remind you, there is neither front nor battle. No FARDC military, no Maimai element is there. There is only the population, mainly Banyamulenge. One of the targeted sites is the runway of the Minembwe airfield.”
The East African reports former DRC President, Joseph Kabila says he is coming back to deal with a problem that his successor, Felix Tshisekedi, has been unable to solve.
Igihe (Rwanda based media) reports M23 rebel group captured Nyabiondo Center in the Masisi Territory of North Kivu Province.
Four soldiers who claimed to have fled from M23 spoke at a press briefing held by Lieutenant Colonel Mak Hazukay, the spokesperson for FARDC-Sokola 1 Grand North and North Front operations. Additionally, an arrested individual that he is an RDF official working in electronic intelligence. Meanwhile, two Tanzanians suspected of being recruited by the ISIS-linked Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) were reportedly stopped at the Pasisi roadblock along with their motorcycle drivers while allegedly heading to Mambasa, an ADF operational base. One of the suspects was identified as Mugeni from Zanzibar, and the other as Jackson from Arusha. Watch the full press here.
Elon Musk amplify, by quoting ‘!!’ on a post by Mario Nawfal, popular X-based journalist, where he says CONGO IN CRISIS: CHRISTIANS MASSACRED, WOMEN RAPED, CHILDREN ENSLAVED, Mario would later hold an interview with President Kagame. M23 president Bertrand Bisimwa quote Musk’s post with more explanation: “What you see here is just a glimpse of the suffering that the people of Eastern DRC have endured for over 30 years. Our organization, Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC/M23), continually reminds the world of the barbarism perpetrated by the coalition forces of the Kinshasa regime, acting under the direct orders of Mr. Tshisekedi Tshilombo.
March 01-09
March 09, 2025
Reports of civil servants in the Eastern DRC not getting paid surfaces, they request to receive their payment through mobile money.
Radio Okapi reports that ADF attacked villagers in Igonyi and killed 11 people. “According to local civil society, all the victims were killed with stabbing. These 13 civilians, according to the witnesses, were all farmers. The civil society in Vuhinga reports that the victims, surprised in their fields by the assailants, were brutally killed.”
M23-Masisi territory governor holds a public rally.
March 08, 2025
The National Executive Committee of the Church of Christ in Congo ECC release a statement of condemnation of the presence of foreign forces and uninvited armed groups including Rwandan forces on the national territory of the DRC.”We call on the AFC/M23 to observe the ceasefire in accordance with the Resolution 2773″.
M23 leaders record video walking freely in Goma after a USD 5 million bounty was placed over their head by the DRC government.
Reports of surrender of a Nyatura sector commander from Mutayomba to Kibabi and is received by the M23 Administrator of Masisi territory.
March 07, 2025
DRC announces a USD five million bounty on M23 leaders and two journalist: “A reward of $5,000,000 USD is being offered to anyone who facilitates the arrest of a convicted individuals Corneille NANGAA, Bertrand BISIMWA, and Sultani MAKENGA. Additionally, a reward of $4,000,000 USD will be granted for any information leading to the arrest of their accomplices on the run, including Perrot LUWARA, Renge BAELENGE, and other wanted individuals.
Those providing credible information will be guaranteed payment of the reward and complete protection of their identity and personal data. Furthermore, sentence reductions will be granted to informants involved in these cases, except in cases of crimes against humanity.For any contact, please call (+243) 830 085 196,” reads the statement from the DRC Ministry of Justice.
March 04, 2025
Germay suspends aid to Rwanda: “We strongly condemn the actions of Rwanda and the M23 in eastern Congo. The violation of the ceasefire and sovereignty of the DR Congo is unacceptable. Germany is freezing new financial commitments for Rwanda and is reviewing ongoing bilateral cooperation”. Rwanda issued a statement in response: “The politicization of development cooperation by Germany’s caretaker government is wrong and counterproductive. Germany contradicts its own claims of supporting the African-led process to resolve the conflict in eastern DRC by letting the DRC off the hook for numerous violations, which only reinforces its belligerent posture and needlessly prolongs the conflict.”
Tanzania’s Chief of Defense Forces consoles family of soldier killed in DRC: Tanzania’s Chief of Defense Forces, General Jacob John Mkunda, visited Zanzibar to console the family of Sergeant Mohamed Abdallah Suleiman, a fallen soldier of the Tanzania People’s Defense Forces (TPDF). Tanzania lost two soldiers, including Sergeant Mohamed and Private John, following advances by the M23 rebel group in eastern DR Congo.The soldiers were part of the SADC Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (SAMIDRC) , which was deployed on December 15, 2023, involving troops from Tanzania, Malawi, and South Africa. Read the full story here.
President Félix Tshisekedi met the Special Representative of the European Union (UE) for the Great Lakes region, Johan Borgstam. Their meeting mainly focused on the security crisis in the East of the DRC.
Reports that goods to or from M23/AFC controlled areas are treated as import and export and are cleared through customs, this was later denied by the DRC government.
March 03, 2025
The SA National Defence Force condemns propaganda videos aimed at tarnishing the image of the SANDF. “The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) has noted of a series of viral videos circulating on various platforms showing misleading content about the SANDF.These propaganda videos are clearly aimed at portraying the SANDF as a disorganised and ill-The videos are further meant to demoralise our dedicated military professionals. It is clear that those who are sending these videos are on a propaganda drive, and clearly targeting the South African population and members of the SAND to doubt their national Defence.We call on the South Africa public, in particular the members of the SANDF not to fall into the trap of such despicable propaganda by believing on what is circulating in the social media platforms. We will not allow our soldiers’ spirit and morale to be affected by such malicious act by those behind the propaganda.” See the full statement here.
UN Human Rights- M23 attacks on hospitals gravely concerning: “We are gravely concerned for the safety and wellbeing of at least 130 sick and wounded men the M23 rebels abducted last week from two hospitals in Goma, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.Fighters of the Rwandan-backed group raided CBCA Ndosho Hospital and Heal Africa Hospital in the night of 28 February, taking 116 patients from CBCA Hospital and 15 others from Heal Africa, on allegations of being DRC army soldiers or members of the pro-Government Wazalendo militia,” the statement reads.
Canada issued a statement against Rwanda: Canada condemns in the strongest possible terms the March 23 Movement’s (M23) seizure of territory in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), including Goma and Bukavu. We also condemn the presence of the Rwanda Defence Force in the DRC….As a result of Rwanda’s actions in the eastern DRC, the Government of Canada has made the decision to: suspend the issuance of permits for the export of controlled goods and technologies to Rwanda; suspend new government-to-government business pursuits with Rwanda, as well as proactive support to private-sector business development activities, including trade missions; review Government of Canada participation at international events hosted in Rwanda, as well as Rwandan proposals to host any future events. Read the statement here.
March 01, 2025
The DRC held an 8,000-strong Republican Guard military parade in Kinshasa amid growing instability in Eastern DRC.
Reports of M23 handover of Brig. Gen. Ezechiel Gakwerere, senior FDLR leader, along with 14 other captured fighters to Rwandan authorities.
Ugandan army reinforce its troops in Ituri.
